Business students from the three NAFTA countries were shown a possible Sexual Harassment scenario from Arthur Andersen’s Business Ethics Program. They were asked to respond to a pre-questionnaire concerning the three characters’ behaviors and possible actions and a post-questionnaire after writing a report from the points of view of the three characters in the scenario. The students were asked to consider whether the characters should report the possible harasser to their supervisor, and thus engage in whistle-blowing behavior, as well as (...) directly confront the harasser. Hypotheses are formulated for the three NAFTA countries based on Hofstede’s cultural dimensions. There were significant differences, but in some cases not in the direction expected. Gender differences are also explored, but there were few significant differences. (shrink)

Business students from the three NAFTA countries were shown a possible Sexual Harassment scenario from Arthur Andersen's Business Ethics Program. They were asked to respond to a pre-questionnaire concerning the three characters' behaviors and possible actions and a post-questionnaire after writing a report from the points of view of the three characters in the scenario. The students were asked to consider whether the characters should report the possible harasser to their supervisor, and thus engage in whistle-blowing behavior, as well as (...) directly confront the harasser. Hypotheses are formulated for the three NAFTA countries based on Hofstede's cultural dimensions. There were significant differences, but in some cases not in the direction expected. Gender differences are also explored, but there were few significant differences. (shrink)

Business students from the three NAFTA countries were shown a possible Sexual Harassment scenario from Arthur Andersen’s Business Ethics Program. They were asked to respond to a pre-questionnaire concerning the three characters’ behaviors and possible actions and a post-questionnaire after writing a report from the points of view of the three characters in the scenario. The students were asked to consider whether the characters should report the possible harasser to their supervisor, and thus engage in whistle-blowing behavior, as well as (...) directly confront the harasser. Hypotheses are formulated for the three NAFTA countries based on Hofstede’s cultural dimensions. There were significant differences, but in some cases not in the direction expected. Gender differences are also explored, but there were few significant differences. (shrink)

Resumen. Frecuentemente estamos expuestos a la declaración de productos, empresas, organismos y algunas dependencias que se proclaman a si mismos “clase mundial”. Este término de clase mundial, ha sido mas utilizado a partir de las recientes aperturas de mercados, y por las presiones que sentimos de la globalización que ha llegado eminentemente a las empresas, escuelas y hasta las mismas costumbres, tradiciones y practicas de negocios1. Al parecer tenemos que acostumbrarnos a vivir con el término de clase mundial.Palabras claves. Educación, (...) calidad, globalización, autoaprendizaje. We are frequently exposed to the declaration of products, companies, and some agencies who proclaim themselves as a "world class organization" This world-class term has been more used from the recent openings of markets, and the pressures of globalization that we feel has come predominantly to companies, schools and even with the same practices, traditions and business practices. Apparently we have to learn to live with the term world class. Keywords. Education, quality, globalization, self learning. (shrink)

Resumen. Una de las prioridades de un egresado universitario, es su insersión en el mercado laboralprofesional, y es ahí donde realmente puede comprobar la aplicación de sus conocimientosprofesionales adquiridos durante sus estudios profesionales, y lo que experimenta frecuentemente ennuestro país, es que le resulta extremadamente dificl colocarse dentro de las empresas, cuando optapor esta alternativa, y esto da lugar a un reflexión academica sobre que tanto debe o puede hacer unainstitución de educación superior en Mexico, para facilitar o por lo (...) menos apoyar a sus egresados aintegrarse lo mas pronto posible en el mercado profesional, tomando en consdieración el alto nivelcompetitivo que provoca el impacto de la globalización económica, que definitivamente es unmonitor para las instituciones educativas sobre el diseño del perfil de estudiante de administración ysus competencias requeridas para su desarrollo y éxito profesional. Esta investigación tiene comofinalidad mostrar los aspectos mas importantes de reflexión para las instituciones educativas.Palabras claves. Egresado, Globalización, Administrador, Economia, Educación. One of the priorities for the university graduate, is its insertion into the professional labormarket, and that's where the graduate, can actually test the application of professional skills acquiredduring their professional studies, and what often experienced in our country, is that the graduatefinds highly difficult to be hired in business, when this alternative is choosen, and this leads to anacademic reflection on how universities can or should do in Mexico, to facilitate or at least supporttheir graduates tofind employment as soon as possible in the professional market, taking Inconsideration the high level of competition causes mostly by the impact of economic globalization,which definitely is a monitor for all educational institutions on the design of the profile of themanagement students and skills required for their development and professional success. This research aims to show the most important aspects of reflection for educational institutions.Keywords. Graduate, Globalization, Manager, Economics, Education. (shrink)

A incorporação econômica gradual da livre circulação de bens, pessoas, serviço ou capitais e a paulatina reengenharia da homogeneização tecnológica e social dos povos da terra não dispensam uma concepção política prévia do sumo bem político que consiste na paz perpétua. O artigo tem por objeto o contratualismo kantiano e trata das formas organizacionais planetárias de Kant. O texto busca esclarecer como Kant vê, elabora e soluciona o problema de um dever moral condenado a acercar-se progressivamente de um ideal racional (...) que permanece historicamente desconhecido. Para o autor, Kant traça o tempo da história segundo o esquema da razão do direito. (shrink)

We study a class of [0,1][0,1]-valued logics. The main result of the paper is a maximality theorem that characterizes these logics in terms of a model-theoretic property, namely, an extension of the omitting types theorem to uncountable languages.

O trabalho apresenta o encaminhamento dado ao fato kantiano da razão em dois artigos recentes e retoma, a seguir, a discussão em torno do sentimento do respeito pela lei moral para concluir que a concepção fichteana de razão prática configura o primeiro mal-entendido do Faktum.

A incorporação econômica gradual da livre circulação de bens, pessoas, serviço ou capitais e a paulatina reengenharia da homogeneização tecnológica e social dos povos da terra não dispensam uma concepção política prévia do sumo bem político que consiste na paz perpétua. O artigo tem por objeto o contratualismo kantiano e trata das formas organizacionais planetárias de Kant. O texto busca esclarecer como Kant vê, elabora e soluciona o problema de um dever moral condenado a acercar-se progressivamente de um ideal racional (...) que permanece historicamente desconhecido. Para o autor, Kant traça o tempo da história segundo o esquema da razão do direito. (shrink)

Para Kant, a luta pelo aprimoramento do direito é travada com as armas da argumentação. Trata-se de emancipar a comunidade jurídica da tutela oriunda do senhorio violento das origens. rumo ao Estado republicano. O processo desemboca na constituição de um Estado estabelecido pela união de uma multidão de seres humanos submetida a leis de direito, no qual o povo exerce, na figura de seus representantes, a soberania e os poderes da República estão comprometidos com a eficácia do direito. O artigo (...) expõe tópicos do pensamento político do pensador alemão e destaca traços relevantes da filosofia da história no Kant tardio. O trabalho visa contribuir para o debate político, jurídico e filosó-fico atual sobre globalização e o futuro do Estado nacional de direito. (shrink)

O ensaio expõe a posição kantiana tardia em relação ao direito e à ética, comdestaque para as noções de direito subjetivo e de dever jurídico interno. Trata-se de mostrar aoriginalidade de Kant na última versão redacional das doutrinas do direito e da virtude. Otrabalho realça a contribuição do direito racional kantiano para os limites da dogmática jurídicaatual em face da crescente juridificação das ciências normativas.

O ensaio expõe a posição kantiana tardia em relação ao direito e à ética, com destaque para as noções de direito subjetivo e de dever jurídico intemo. Trata-se de mostrar a originalidade de Kant na última versão redacional das doutrinas do direito e da virtude. O trabalho realça a contribuição do direito racional kantiano para os limites da dogmática jurídica atual em face da crescente juridificação das ciênciasnormativas.

SÍNTESE - o artigo sumaria o modo peculiar como Kant lida com o estado de natureza hobbesiano e estabelece o espaço público do meum vel tuum extemum na Doutrina do Direito. O texto visa realçar a originalidade de Kant como filósofo político.

A Doutrina do direito apenas nas últimas décadas voltou a merecer o interesse dos estudiosos da filosofia. O presente texto procura mostrar a filiação iluminista da ciência kantiana do direito. O artigo privilegia o caráter racional das concepções jurídicas do pensador alemão.

Neste artigo, o autor apresenta osproblemas relacionados ao jusnaturalismo -posição que prescreve um conjunto de normaspara a conduta humana, anteriores àquilo que éfixado pelo Estado.

O artigo retoma a interpretação de Macpherson do estado natural e a confronta com a concepção hobbesiana da verdadeira liberdade dos súditos. O trabalho expõe os desafios teóricos do fisicalismo vital na obra de Hobbes e assume e posição de que o teórico político inglês não prova que os homens evitam pela luta e ou pela fuga a morte violenta movidos unicamente por uma necessidade natural.

A Doutrina do direito é um dos últimos trabalhos de Kant. Recomposto para uma nova editoração, o texto tem merecido a atenção de e teóricos do direito. A presente contribuição examina a repercussão da obra jurídica de Kant nos escritos recentes de Tugendhat, um dos críticos mais notórios do pensamento kantiano. O artigo privilegia asrelações entre direito e moral, procura dar uma feição mais nítida à chamada razão trivial, tendo em vista as clássicas objeções de Hegel à razão prática kantiana.

O artigo inicia com o enfoque do absolutismo hobbesiano à luz da doutrina tradicional do direito natural. A seguir expõe a complexa relaçáo de Hobbes com a democracia e a noçáo hobbesiana de representaçáo política. Depois de reconstruir algumas das objeções básicas de Hobbes ao pensamento político clássico, o texto procura mostrar que o filósofo inglês opera, em relaçáo a Aristóteles, com um conceito relativamente inalterado de natureza. Objetivo maior do trabalho é configurar o Estado como produto genuíno do desempenho (...) intelectual do teórico político inglês. (shrink)

Theatre has been used in psychological intervention and as a metaphor for social life, tendencies that affect the self, highlighting how influential theatrical performance can be for individuals. Their limitations – in terms of the empowerment of the self and its authenticity, respectively - can be overcome by treating theatrical performance as a leisure experience, which considers that freedom and satisfaction play a central role in a more comprehensive understanding and development of the self. With this in mind, we present (...) the conceptual and empirical bases of the leisure experience as an alternative conception of theatrical performance. To do so, we organised a 20-hour theatre exercise workshop with 16 university students (15 women, one man), aged between 18 and 21 years old (M = 19.06 years; SD = 1.06). Qualitative instruments used were: the Time Budget Technique (questionnaire about the activities carried out in the workshop, valued in relation to two items: perceptions of freedom and satisfaction); the Twenty-Statement Test (where people list characteristics of themselves – self-descriptions – related in this case to the theatrical exercises); and, as a third instrument, a combination of the other two – specifying which exercises were more closely related to the self-descriptions. The results showed that group discussion was the activity with the highest perception of freedom, followed by obstacle exercises; as regards the perception of satisfaction, the highest value was observed in the relaxations. In the case of the self-descriptions, the acquisition of practical and intellectual skills was significant, as well as emotional outlook and the expression of self-esteem. In sum, this empirical support - using qualitative instruments that invite an exploration of the self - revealed, on the one hand, which specific characteristics of the self are manifested by doing theatrical exercises and, on the other hand, which exercises – when experienced as leisure – have a more decisive impact on the self. Thus, this paper shows what aspects must be taken into account when deciding which activities to include in a psychosocial intervention addressed to the development of the self from the standpoint of theatrical performance as a leisure activity. (shrink)

O livro reúne 19 artigos apresentados no I Simpósio Internacional de Ética e Política (Mestrado em Filosofia da UFG, 1996). Embora demarcado por limites - sejam inerentes à própria reflexão filosófica, sejam contigentes à abordagem conceitual do tema -, o tema da ética na política oferece contribuições para uma ação com o bem comum. Os textos recuperam aspectos da história do pensamento político ocidental, como também dão seguimento a essa história, oferecendo argumentos para a abordagem teórica da ética e da (...) política. (shrink)

Considerando a relevância da interação entre os homens, e que se dá de maneira privilegiada no âmbito dos processos comunicativos, filósofos e lingüistas do Brasil e da Alemanha juntaram-se para investigar o fenômeno da interação comunicativa. Os resultados dessa investigação estão reunidos nos artigos desta coletânea.

. All personal that belong to a company, has to be consider into their daily agenda theoptimization of the inventory, in matter of create a cost reduction into the organization, an finallyincrement the productivity.The inventory is the element that gives “live” to the companies, in the moment to be manufacturedinto a product, through the works stations, is the case, that the excess of inventory will force thecompany not invert into development, research, training, technology, etc., and this situation willaffect competiveness, and (...) take the risk of be out of the market.The clients pay for a good, with a competitiveness price, excellent quality, and complete all thespecification that they request, plus has to be deliver on time; our responsibility is do wherever ittakes to guaranty the mayor percentage of efficiency in all our process and complete the goal ofsatisfy our clients.Keywords. Competitiveness, cost, inventory management, productivity.Resumen. Todo el personal estratégico, administrativo y operativo perteneciente a una empresa,debe considerar dentro de su agenda diaria la optimización de la gestión de los inventarios,permitiendo con ello un impacto en la reducción los costos de la organización, que se traducirá en unincremento de la productividad.El inventario es el elemento que permite dar vida a las empresas, al momento de ser transformada enun producto, a través de todas las estaciones de trabajo dando paso a paso un valor agregado, sinembargo el exceso de los inventarios ocasiona que la organización no pueda en incurrir en gastos quepermitan el desarrollo y crecimiento, como son las áreas de investigación y desarrollo, capacitación yadiestramiento, tecnología, mercadotecnia, etc., trayendo en consecuencia perder el nivel decompetitividad, y con ello correr el riesgo de quedar desplazado por la competencia.Los clientes pagan por producto que presente un precio competitivo; de la más alta calidad; quecumpla con todas y cada una de sus especificaciones; que sea entregado en tiempo y forma; esnuestra responsabilidad como estrategas, administradores y operadores de los inventarios, elgarantizar el mayor porcentaje de eficiencia en los procesos productivos y administrativos, demanera de lograr el fin último de toda empresa tiene, satisfacer a sus clientes.Palabras claves. Administración de inventarios, competitividad, costos, productividad. (shrink)

Physical activity is an important habit for overall health and quality of life, but it tends to recede as young adults transition from high school into university. The present study sought to understand, in the case of university students that still practice PA, their motives for PA and their relationships with psychological need satisfaction and characteristics of practice regularity. Participants were 423 university students who reported to practice PA, with ages ranging from 18 to 30 years old. Measures assessing motives (...) for PA, PNS, and PA characteristics were completed. Hierarchical, followed by iterative, cluster analysis was used and four naturally occurring groupings of university students were identified based on their motives for PA: one extrinsic-motives cluster, one all-motives cluster, one intrinsic-motives cluster, and one low-motives cluster. Groupings were compared in terms of the characteristics of their practice regularity and their levels of PNS. Significant between-group differences were observed in the duration of single principal PA sessions, minutes per week practicing main PA, total PA minutes per week, and type of day of the week used for PA. The number of days per week devoted to the principal PA and the number of total PAs practiced were similar across all four clusters. With regard to between-group differences in psychological need satisfaction in PA by cluster, these analyses showed the existence of four clearly distinguishable naturally occurring groupings based on motives for PA, which gives researchers and practitioners the possibility to analyze and implement tailored interventions aimed at promoting PA among university students. (shrink)

En este artículo se intenta mostrar si se puede aplicar el concepto griego de epiméleia al pensamiento zoroastriano. Más en concreto, se abordan los temas del cuidado del mundo, el cuidado de la palabra y el cuidado del alma. Para ello se analizan algunas categorías fundamentales del mazdeísmo tales como menog, getic, paiman, daena, jorrah o fravarsi. La conclusión que se extrae es que sí es pertinente hablar de cuidado del mundo, cuidado de la palabra y cuidado de sí en (...) el ámbito zoroastra en particular y en el ámbito iranio en general. (shrink)

Tomo I. Una antología comentada de su obra -- Tomo II. Una antología comentada.

In this article, we review the conceptions of Collective Effervescence (CE) –a state of intense shared emotional activation and sense of unison that emerges during instances of collective behavior, like demonstrations, rituals, ceremonies, celebrations, and others– and empirical approaches oriented at measuring it. The first section starts examining Émile Durkheim's classical conception on CE, and then, the integrative one proposed by the sociologist Randall Collins, leading to a multi-faceted experience of synchronization. Then, we analyze the construct as a process emerging (...) in collective encounters when individuals contact with social ideal and values, referring to the classical work of Serge Moscovici as well as those more recent empirical approaches. Third, we consider CE as a set of intense positive emotions linked to processes of group identification, as proposed by authors of the Social Identity Theory tradition. Finally, we describe CE from the perspective of self-transcendence (e.g., emotions, experiences), and propose a unified description of this construct. The second section shows the results of a meta-analytical integration (k= 50,N= 182,738) aimed at analyzing CE's proximal effects or construct validity (i.e., Individual Emotions and Communal Sharing) as well as its association with more distal variables, such as Collective Emotions, Social Integration, Social Values and Beliefs and Empowerment. Results indicate that CE strongly associates with Individual Emotions –in particular, Self-Transcendent Emotions– and Communal Sharing constructs (e.g., Group Identity, Fusion of Identity), providing construct validity. Among the distal effects of CE, it is associated with Collective Positive Emotions, long-term Social Integration (e.g., Ingroup Commitment), Social Values and Beliefs and Empowerment-related variables (e.g., Wellbeing, Collective Efficacy, Collective Self-Esteem). Among the moderation analyses carried out (e.g., study design, CE scale, type of collective gathering), the effects of CE in demonstrations are noticeable, where this variable is a factor that favors other variables that make collective action possible, such as Group Identity (rpooled= 0.52), Collective Efficacy (rpooled= 0.37), Negative and Self-Transcendent Emotions (rpooled= 0.14 and 0.58), and Morality-related beliefs (rpooled= 0.43). (shrink)